Albert Camus was a French philosopher, author, and journalist, born on November 7, 1913, in Mondovi, French Algeria. He is best known for his contributions to the philosophy of absurdism, which explores the inherent meaninglessness of life and the human struggle to find purpose. Camus won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1957, becoming one of the youngest recipients at the age of 44. His notable works include "The Stranger," "The Myth of Sisyphus," and "The Plague." Camus's writings continue to influence existential and absurdist thought, emphasizing themes of freedom, rebellion, and the human condition.